Understanding 1 Chronicles 20:5

In 1 Chronicles 20:5, the scripture states:

"And there was war again with the Philistines; and Elhanan the son of Jair slew Lahmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, whose spear weighed three hundred shekels of brass in weight."

Context and Background

This verse occurs in the context of recounting the wars fought by David and his warriors against the Philistines. It highlights Elhanan's victory over a formidable foe, reinforcing the theme of God's support in battles.

Commentary Insights

• Matthew Henry's Commentary:

  Henry emphasizes that battles often recur, demonstrating the ongoing conflict that God's people face. He notes that this event indicates not only Elhanan's bravery but also God's providential help in Israel's victories.

• Albert Barnes' Notes:

  Barnes reflects on the translation variance regarding whether Elhanan killed Goliath or his brother. He argues that the distinction lies in highlighting the continuity of the struggle against the Philistines and the triumph over their giants.

• Adam Clarke's Commentary:

  Clarke discusses the significance of Lahmi's great stature and weaponry, likening Goliath's brother to the original giant. He points out that the verse showcases the courageous acts of lesser-known figures in the biblical narrative, who also partake in God's deliverance.

Thematic Connections

1 Chronicles 20:5 brings to light numerous themes and connections throughout the Bible. Here are some critical connections and cross-references:

• 1 Samuel 17:50-51: The account of David defeating Goliath is foundational, representing faith and God's power over apparent odds.
• 2 Samuel 21:19: This passage reaffirms the historical acts of David's warriors, linking Elhanan's deed to a broader narrative of divine assistance in battle.
• 1 Chronicles 11:23: The valiant acts of David's mighty men highlight the valor and dedication of those serving under the king.
• 1 Samuel 3:19: This illustrates God's presence in Israel during conflicts, enhancing the narrative of His guidance through David's leadership.
• Philippians 4:13: "I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me" resonates with the courage shown by warriors like Elhanan.
• Romans 8:31: The assurance of God’s support reinforces the message that if God is for us, who can be against us, echoing the battles fought by Israel.
• Hebrews 11:32-34: This passage mentions the faith of judges and warriors, linking the heritage of faith in God’s deliverance throughout biblical history.

Applications and Lessons

This verse serves as a reminder that spiritual battles are continuous and requires vigilance. Just like Elhanan and David's warriors, believers today are called to stand firm in their faith, knowing that God's strength is made perfect in our weaknesses.

Cross-Referencing Bible Study

Utilizing the principles of cross-referencing can deepen the understanding of this verse. Here are some tools and methods for effective Bible study:

• Bible Concordance: A reference tool to find keywords and their occurrences within the scriptures, aiding in identifying thematic connections.
• Bible Cross-Reference Guide: Annotated Bibles often note cross-references, making it easier for readers to explore related scriptures.
• Cross-Referencing Bible Study Methods: Techniques such as thematic studies or character studies can connect scriptures across both Old and New Testaments effectively.

Conclusion

In conclusion, 1 Chronicles 20:5 illustrates the importance of remembering the continual faithfulness of God in the battles we face. This showcases how courage, faith, and divine support are themes that run deeply throughout the Bible.