Understanding 2 Samuel 13:18
The verse 2 Samuel 13:18 is a pivotal moment in the narrative of David's family, specifically the tragic story of Amnon and Tamar. This verse reads:
"But she had a garment of many colors upon her: for with such robes were the king's daughters that were virgins appareled. Then his servants brought her out, and bolted the door after her."
This verse poignantly portrays the innocence of Tamar, linking her beautiful robe, a symbol of purity and high status, with the horror of what she has just endured. The insights from multiple public domain commentaries provide a deeper understanding of its meaning.
Summary of Commentaries
Matthew Henry's Commentary
Matthew Henry emphasizes the tragedy of Tamar's situation, highlighting her royal status and innocence. The "garment of many colors" is seen as a metaphor for her virtue and dignity. Her being cast out symbolizes not only the loss of her innocence but also the disgrace that results from Amnon's lust. Henry points out that this event sets off a chain of familial tragedy in David's house, marking the beginning of discord and strife.
Albert Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes interprets the colorful garment as an element of Tamar's high social position as the daughter of King David. He notes the significance of the act of bringing her out and locking the door behind her, which serves to illustrate the desolation she faces following the assault. Barnes expands on the theme of destruction within the royal family, tying it back to the moral downfall initiated by David's own earlier transgressions, especially regarding Bathsheba.
Adam Clarke's Commentary
Adam Clarke takes a slightly different angle by focusing on the implications of Tamar's condition after the incident. He notes the deep sorrow and dishonor she experiences, which resonates deeply with the ancient societal views on female purity. Clarke points out how this narrative can serve as a cautionary tale about the consequences of unchecked desire and the importance of family integrity.
Key Themes and Connections
- The Destruction of Innocence: This verse highlights the loss of purity in the face of sin. Tamar’s colorful robe speaks volumes about her former status and the cruelty that tears it away.
- Family Disintegration: The events surrounding this verse foreshadow deeper family conflicts within David's household, illustrating how personal sins can have profound communal consequences.
- Gender and Power Dynamics: Tamar’s position as a woman in a patriarchal society reflects the vulnerabilities women face, especially within familial and power structures.
- Symbolism of Clothing: The "garment of many colors" serves as a representation of her identity and purity, echoing the biblical theme of identity being intertwined with one’s apparel.
- Consequences of Sin: This passage emphasizes how sin can lead to the destruction of relationships and social fabric, foreshadowing further calamities in David’s reign.
Related Bible Cross-References
- Genesis 37:3: Joseph’s coat of many colors serves as a symbolic connection, illustrating family dynamics and jealousy.
- 2 Samuel 13:1-5: The lead-up to the events of 2 Samuel 13:18, outlining Amnon's obsession with Tamar.
- 2 Samuel 13:20: The aftermath of Amnon's actions through the eyes of Tamar’s brother, Absalom, reflecting on betrayal and revenge.
- Psalms 55:12-14: David’s lamentation that speaks to the pain of betrayal within family, highlighting the emotional turmoil present in his household.
- Jeremiah 22:18-19: Prophetic insights into the consequences of royal family actions, paralleling the weight of Tamar’s story.
- Proverbs 6:32: Insights on the nature of adultery and its destructive qualities which resonate with Tamar's story.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1-2: Linking to New Testament teachings regarding immorality and the need for church discipline.
- Matthew 5:27-28: Jesus' teachings about lust that deepens the understanding of Amnon’s actions in light of morality.
- Galatians 6:7-8: A reminder about reaping what one sows, especially paralleling the consequences faced by Amnon and his family.
- Micah 6:16: Highlighting the consequences of immorality in leadership, relevant to the context of David’s lineage.
Conclusion
The narrative surrounding 2 Samuel 13:18 evokes significant themes of sin, familial breakdown, and the profound impact of personal actions within the realm of family and society. By exploring its connections with other scriptures, we gain deeper insights into its moral implications and the consequences of transgression. Utilizing tools for Bible cross-referencing and employing a Bible concordance enhances our understanding and helps us to draw thematic connections effectively.
