Understanding 1 Kings 4:21

Verse: 1 Kings 4:21
Text: "And Solomon ruled over all kingdoms from the River unto the land of the Philistines, and unto the border of Egypt: they brought gifts, and served Solomon all the days of his life."

Summary of 1 Kings 4:21

This verse encapsulates the extent of King Solomon's dominion and the resulting prosperity during his reign. He is portrayed not only as a wise ruler but also as a sovereign whose power extended beyond immediate territories, facilitating trade and alliances with surrounding nations. The universal recognition of Solomon's monarchy is indicated by the tribute and service from various kingdoms.

Commentary Insights

• Matthew Henry's Commentary:

  Henry emphasizes the grandeur of Solomon's reign, detailing how his wisdom attracted other nations. He notes that the "River" refers to the Euphrates, indicating the vast territory under Solomon's control. Furthermore, Henry mentions that the tribute paid to Solomon indicates his high esteem among neighboring rulers. This verse reflects not only his external power but also the internal peace and prosperity enjoyed during his rule.

• Albert Barnes' Commentary:

  Barnes highlights Solomon’s political acumen, stating that his relationships with the surrounding nations were characterized by mutual respect and service. He points out that this service was a sign of acknowledgment of Solomon's authority and wisdom. The verse serves as a testament to the fulfillment of God’s promises to David regarding the establishment of his lineage and legacy through Solomon's reign.

• Adam Clarke's Commentary:

  Clarke discusses the significance of Solomon's influence over these distant lands, noting that it was crucial for maintaining peace and stability in Israel. He argues that the tribute was not merely material but represented the acknowledgment of Solomon's superiority as a monarch. Clarke also points out that such tributes are a form of diplomacy and strengthen international relations.

Thematic Connections and Cross-References

To gain a deeper understanding of 1 Kings 4:21, one can explore several relevant cross-references that illustrate the themes of rulership, wisdom, and international relations found throughout the Bible.

• 1 Chronicles 29:23: References Solomon's reign and the establishment of his kingdom.
• 1 Kings 10:1-2: The visit of the Queen of Sheba as an example of foreign dignitaries acknowledging Solomon’s wisdom.
• 2 Samuel 7:12-16: God's promise to David regarding his lineage, which is fulfilled in Solomon.
• Proverbs 16:10: Highlights the importance of divine insight in rulership.
• Ecclesiastes 1:16: Solomon’s wisdom that surpasses all, reflecting his acquired knowledge during his reign.
• Psalm 72:10-11: A prophetic vision of kings paying homage to a righteous ruler.
• Isaiah 60:10: The future glory of Zion and the wealth of nations flowing to it, similar to the tribute Solomon received.
• Acts 15:13-21: Connections between church leadership and the wisdom exhibited by Old Testament leaders like Solomon.
• Matthew 12:42: Jesus references Solomon's wisdom in contrast to the people of His time.
• Romans 13:1: The theme of authority and governance, paralleling Solomon's divine appointment as king.

Conclusion

1 Kings 4:21 is rich with implications regarding authority, wisdom, and the fulfillment of divine promises. By examining associated commentaries and cross-references, one can appreciate the grandeur of Solomon’s rule and its biblical significance. This verse stands as a beacon of international influence and spiritual fulfillment, amplifying the understanding of both the Old and New Testaments.

Tools for Bible Cross-Referencing

For those looking to explore the connections between Bible verses more deeply, consider using tools such as:

• Bible concordance
• Bible cross-reference guide
• Bible cross-reference system
• Bible chain references
• Comprehensive Bible cross-reference materials