Bible Verse Meaning: Joshua 21:39
Joshua 21:39 states: "And Heshbon with her suburbs, and Jazer with her suburbs; four cities." This verse highlights the distribution of cities among the Levites, emphasizing God’s provision and the establishment of order in the land.
Insights from Public Domain Commentaries
This verse showcases God's fulfillment of His promise to the Israelites by providing cities for the Levites, who were set apart for service in the temple and among the people.
Matthew Henry's Commentary:
- This verse highlights the notion of God's promise and provision to His people.
- Henry notes that the Levites received their inheritance not through conquest, but through God's grace.
- The cities mentioned are significant as they illustrate the cities of refuge for individuals seeking asylum.
- Henry emphasizes the importance of acknowledging God’s sovereign choice of Levites for service.
Albert Barnes' Commentary:
- Barnes elaborates on the geographical locations, explaining Heshbon and Jazer's importance in ancient Israel.
- He connects the cities mentioned with previous accounts of battles and territories, reinforcing the narrative of Israel's settlement.
- He points out that the Levites played a crucial role in teaching the law and leading worship, which is underscored by their designated cities.
Adam Clarke's Commentary:
- Clarke provides a deeper historical context of the towns given to the Levites, exploring their significance in Israel’s history.
- He discusses the idea that the Levites were not to be landowners like the other tribes but were given cities interspersed among them.
- Clarke emphasizes the intent behind God’s distribution of the cities, allowing the Levites to minister effectively throughout the nation.
Thematic Connections and Cross-References
This verse serves as a crucial link in the broader narrative of the Israelites' settlement in the Promised Land and can be understood through various cross-references:
- Numbers 35:2-3: God commands the Israelites to give cities to the Levites.
- Deuteronomy 10:9: Reinforces the special role of the Levites among the tribes.
- Deuteronomy 18:1-2: Discusses the Levitical priesthood and their inheritance.
- Joshua 14:4: Highlights the division of lands among the tribes and the Levites' unique inheritance.
- 1 Chronicles 6:54-81: Lists Levitical cities and provides historical context.
- Psalm 78:68-71: God chose the tribe of Levi for service.
- Hebrews 7:13-14: Mentions the priestly lineage of Levi, reinforcing their chosen status.
- Leviticus 25:32: Provides regulations concerning the Levites' cities of refuge.
- Matthew 2:23: Reflects God's orchestration of events throughout history, similar to the Levites' cities designated by God.
- 1 Peter 2:9: Connects the idea of being a chosen people, echoing the Levites' chosen status.
Conclusion
Joshua 21:39 is not just a historical record; it serves as a reminder of God’s faithfulness and provision throughout the ages. The establishment of the cities for the Levites signifies the importance of worship and priesthood, which leads to profound lessons on God’s ongoing relationship with humanity. By exploring biblical cross-references, one can gain deeper insights into the meanings and implications of this verse.
