Verse Summary

This verse is a critical part of the Day of Atonement ritual, detailing the procedure that the High Priest must follow to atone for the sins of the people. The live goat, often referred to as the "scapegoat," symbolizes the removal of sin from the community. This vivid imagery serves as a precursor to understanding Jesus Christ's ultimate sacrifice for sin.

Insights from Public Domain Commentaries

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Matthew Henry emphasizes that this act demonstrates God's mercy and the pivotal role of the High Priest as a mediator. The use of the live goat signifies the transfer of the people's sins, which are symbolically placed upon the goat and sent away, signifying that God not only forgives sin but removes it from His people.

Albert Barnes' Notes

Albert Barnes explains that the atonement process outlined in this verse illustrates both the seriousness of sin and the requirement of blood for atonement. The act of sending the goat into the wilderness is a profound representation of how sins are no longer counted against God's people, reflecting a promise of restoration and purity before Him.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Adam Clarke discusses the theological implications of the live goat, noting that it serves as a vivid type that foreshadows Christ's sacrifice. He mentions how the entire ceremony embodies not merely ritualistic observance but conveys a deeper narrative of hope and redemption, where God's people can approach Him unblemished because of atonement.

Cross-References

This verse connects significantly with a number of other scriptures that deepen our understanding of its meaning:

• Leviticus 4:20 - Discusses the concept of atonement through sacrifice.
• Leviticus 16:10 - Introduces the scapegoat more directly.
• Hebrews 9:28 - Links Christ's sacrifice to the atonement made on the Day of Atonement.
• Isaiah 53:6 - Highlights how the iniquities of people were laid upon Him.
• 1 John 1:7 - Clearly states how the blood of Jesus cleanses from all sin.
• Romans 5:8 - Emphasizes God's love in providing atonement through Christ.
• Matthew 27:46 - Echoes the abandonment felt by the scapegoat as a foreshadowing of Christ's suffering.

Thematic Connections

The themes emerging from Leviticus 16:20 resonate through scripture. Understanding how this verse relates to the overarching narrative of sin, atonement, and divine grace equips the believer with a richer view of God's redemptive purpose.

Here are some thematic connections to explore:

• Redemption: Linking the sacrificial system to Christ's ultimate sacrifice.
• Holiness: The separation of God's people from sin, established through the Ministry of the Tabernacle.
• Mediation: The role of the High Priest as a temporary mediator pointing to Christ as the eternal High Priest.
• Forgiveness: The continual need for atonement reflected in both Levitical laws and New Testament grace.
• Symbolism: The structures of the Tabernacle as a foreshadowing of Christ’s body.

Using Cross-References for Deeper Understanding

Tools for biblical cross-referencing enhance our studies and understanding of verses across the entirety of scripture. This is essential for:

• Developing a coherent theology of atonement across both Testaments.
• Interpreting the full implications of Jesus’ sacrifice through the lens of Old Testament rituals.
• Preparing sermons that resonate with the consistent biblical narrative regarding sin and redemption.

Conclusion

Leviticus 16:20 and its surrounding context reveal profound truths about sin, atonement, and God's grace. By studying this passage alongside its cross-references, believers can appreciate the intricate connections that run throughout scripture. The thematic exploration serves to deepen one's understanding of God’s redemptive narrative and highlights the importance of both the Old and New Testaments in revealing God's character and His plan for humanity.